Techno–economic–environmental comparison of floating photovoltaic plant with conventional solar photovoltaic plant in northern Iran

Abstract Photovoltaic (PV) systems can be used to generate electricity due the potential for solar energy in Iran. Applying floating photovoltaic (FPV) is a new approach utilizing PV water. Most of Iran’s consumption supplied from fossil fuels, especially oil and gas. In recent years, Iran has faced environmental problems air pollution. Electricity generation using fuels led increased Accordingly, The interest predicting production power plants years. this regard, techno–economic–environmental study constructing basic process encourage people use energy. A feasibility been performed construct 5-kW FPV ground (GPV) plant northern city Also, system compared with MATLAB® Simulink RETScreen® software. study, effects wind water temperature have considered. sensitivity analysis was uncertainty climatic conditions amount generation. simulation results show that cooling effect panels system, capacity panels’ efficiency are respectively 19.47% 27.98% higher than those GPV system. addition, found 16.96% increase annual performance ratio. Overall, reduces equity payback 6.3 years (a 22.2% reduction plant).